Google добивается верифицируемого квантового превосходства с новым алгоритмом Quantum Echoes Translation: Google Achieves Verifiable Quantum Supremacy with New Quantum Echoes Algorithm

Researchers at Google Quantum AI have announced the achievement of «verifiable quantum superiority» through a new algorithm called Quantum Echoes, implemented on their 105-qubit Willow processor.

This marks the first instance where a quantum device has solved a computational problem that is virtually impossible to simulate on classical supercomputers. Furthermore, the results obtained can be verified using another quantum system.

The new algorithm measures Out-of-Time-Order Correlators (OTOC), which describe how information «spreads» and becomes chaotic within a quantum system over time.

«The Quantum Echoes algorithm represents a new class of problems because it simulates a physical experiment. This means that it evaluates not only computational complexity but also the accuracy of the final results,» the researchers explained.

The technology employs both the «forward» and «backward» evolution of a quantum system. The system is then «rolled forward,» with a slight disturbance applied to one qubit, and subsequently «rolled backward,» allowing the observation of the formation of «echoes.»

The enhanced interference signal facilitates the exploration of fundamental properties of matter, such as magnetic phases or the dynamics of spin networks.

Unlike previous demonstrations where the outcome was a random sample of bits, OTOC is a quantum observable quantity, akin to electric current or magnetization, with a consistent value.

According to the Google team, this milestone paves the way for the first practical applications of quantum computing. The algorithm could potentially be used to investigate molecular structures.

«As we move closer to developing a fully functional quantum computer with error correction, we anticipate the emergence of many more useful applications for the real world. Right now, we are focused on reaching the third phase of our quantum hardware roadmap — creating a long-lived logical qubit,» the company concluded.

It is worth noting that last September, the startup Oxford Quantum Circuits installed the first quantum computer in New York City at a data center in Manhattan.